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Weekly ANB0925_05.txt #7
- Subject: Weekly ANB0925_05.txt #7
- From: anb-bia <anb-bia at village.uunet.be>
- Date: Thu, 25 Sep 2003 16:49:00 +0200
_____________________________________________________________ WEEKLY NEWS ISSUE of: 25-09-2003 PART #5/7* Maroc. Perpétuité pour Pierre Robert - Le 18 septembre, l'islamiste français Pierre Robert, poursuivi au Maroc dans le cadre de l'enquête sur les attentats suicides du 16 mars à Casablanca, a été condamné à la réclusion criminelle à perpétuité. Le parquet avait réclamé la peine de mort. Robert, 31 ans, était accusé d'avoir planifié les attentats et d'avoir organisé et participé à des entraînements pour l'utilisation d'armes à feu au Maroc, ce qu'il a toujours nié. Originaire de Saint-Etienne, converti à l'islam à l'âge de 17 ans et marié à une Marocaine, il avait été arrêté en juin dernier dans le cadre de coups de filets opérés dans les milieux islamistes. Deux autres accusés ont été condamnés à la prison à perpétuité, un à 30 ans de prison, les autres condamnations vont de trois mois à 20 ans de prison. Un prévenu a été acquitté. - Si ce procès vient de se terminer à Rabat, une douzaine d'autres se poursuivent dans le royaume. Plus de cent islamistes sont actuellement poursuivis devant diverses chambres criminelles, le plus souvent sous l'accusation d'appartenance à l'organisation intégriste Salafia Jihadia et de préparation d'actes de terrorisme. -- Le 23 septembre, Pierre Robert a décidé de se pourvoir en cassasion devant la Cour suprême marocaine. Le décision de la Cour pourrait intervenir dans deux ou trois mois, a indiqué son avocat. (ANB-BIA, de sources diverses, 23 septembre 2003)
* Maroc/USA. Sahara occidental - Le 23 septembre, le président américain Georges Bush a affirmé au roi du Maroc Mohammed VI que Washington "n'imposera pas de règlement" sur la question du Sahara occidental, a indiqué un responsable américain. Au cours d'une réunion privée en marge de l'assemblée générale des Nations unies à New-York, M. Bush a assuré le souverain qu'il savait "combien le sujet est sensible au Maroc", tout en invitant le monarque à voir "si une solution acceptable pour le Maroc pouvait être trouvée". Le Conseil de sécurité avait approuvé, le 30 juillet, le plan de James Baker prévoyant que le statut définitif du Sahara occidental, annexé par le Maroc en 1975, serait décidé d'ici cinq ans par référendum. Le Maroc avait rejeté cette résolution. Initialement prévu en janvier 1992, le référendum a été reporté d'année en année. (AFP, France, 23 septembre 2003)
* Mauritanie/Cap-Vert. Frontières maritimes - Le vendredi 19 septembre, la Mauritanie et le Cap-Vert ont procédé à la signature d'un accord de délimitation définitive de leurs frontières maritimes, a-t-on appris dimanche de source officielle à Nouakchott. L'accord a été signé par les ministres des Affaires étrangères des deux pays. (PANA, Sénégal, 21 septembre 2003)
* Mozambique. Cardoso trio face fraud case - 18 September: A court in the Mozambican capital, Maputo, has charged over a dozen people with bank fraud involving millions of dollars that led to the murder of a prominent investigative journalist. According to the Maputo daily paper, Noticias, three of those found guilty and sentenced to over 20 years imprisonment for killing Carlos Cardoso two years ago are to be tried this year in connection with a $14 million fraud in 1996. The judicial court announced that the money disappeared from the former state commercial bank, BCM, prior to its privatisation seven years ago. The trio were among the six men found guilty and sentenced last year to between 23 and 28 years in jail for killing Cardoso. The court named the suspects as Mohamad Abdul Satar, his brother Ayob Satar and former BCM branch manager Vicente. (ANB-BIA, Belgium, 18 September 2003)
* Niger. Uranium sous surveillance - Deux ou trois fois par semaine, un convoi de camions chargés d'uranium descend du Niger vers le sud, pour arriver dix jours plus tard au port de Cotonou, au Bénin. Deux gendarmes nigériens munis d'armes légères accompagnent le convoi sur ce trajet de 2.000 kilomètres, mais ils ne disposent ni de téléphones satellites, ni d'autres moyens de communication. La gestion des matériaux radioactifs a été récemment mise sur la sellette au Niger, après que l'administration américaine ait accusé l'Irak d'avoir tenté d'acheter de l'uranium dans ce pays. Dans les mois à venir, une équipe de l'Agence internationale de l'énergie nucléaire (AIEA) prévoit de se rendre au Niger afin de convaincre le gouvernement d'autoriser un contrôle approfondi de ses exportations d'uranium. Sans ces contrôles, l'AIEA ne peut demander au Niger d'accroîre les mesures de sécurité et n'a aucune autorité pour inspecter la production ou les cargaisons nigériennes. (AP, 22 septembre 2003)
* Nigeria. Violence reignites in Niger Delta - 18 September: Several people have died in a clash between security forces and armed youths in three days of fighting near the Nigerian oil city of Warri, police have said. Reports say some of those killed were innocent bystanders. The violence began on 15 September, in Effurun, just outside the Niger Delta river port of Warri after the pastor of a church shot dead a youth who was part of a gang trying to extort money from the clergy. The youths, who were seeking protection money, then took to the streets burning people's homes. A local police officer, Joseph Abiona, said that the youths engaged a joint patrol team of police, soldiers and navy in "a gun battle and a number of people were killed". (ANB-BIA, Belgium, 18 September 2003)
* Nigeria/South Africa. Anger over stoning case - Pressure is mounting on the Nigerian government to spare the life of a Muslim woman condemned to death by stoning for adultery. An Islamic court in the northern Nigerian city of Katsina will next week rule on whether to acquit 31-year-old single mother Amina Lawal on charges of adultery, or uphold the sentence of death by stoning. Protesters in South Africa and Nigeria have demanded a reversal of the decision first handed down in March last year and unsuccessfully appealed in August. Lawal gave birth on January 6 last year, more than two years after her divorce but only six-and-a-half months after Katsina formally reinstituted Islamic Shariah law. Hundreds of women demonstrated outside the Nigerian High Commission in the executive capital Pretoria, while hundreds more marched to parliament in Cape Town, where President Thabo Mbeki was questioned on the matter. Mbeki has appealed to Nigerian President Olusegun Obasanjo to spare not only Lawal, but his new democracy, the blight of such a violent sentence. "Certainly, we need to continue to make our voice heard about this issue but I would think the supreme court of Nigeria would be perfectly conscious of its obligations with the defence and protection of the rights of women," Mbeki said. In response to a question on the responsibility of the father of Lawal's child, Mbeki replied: "In defence of Amina Lawal we might have forgotten that it takes two to make a baby". (CNN, USA, 19 September 2003)
* Nigeria. Actions pour Amina Lawal - Le 18 septembre à Kaduna, vingt activistes des droits de l'homme ont commencé une grève de la faim pour protester contre la menace de peine capitale qui pèse sur Amina Lawal, indique "Kerknet" (Belgique). Le procès en appel contre cette femme, condamnée en première instance à la mort par lapidation pour adultère sur base de la charia, devrait reprendre le 25 septembre. En plus de cette grève de la faim, on a annoncé une campagne de désobéissance civile. A l'étranger également, les protestations s'accentuent. Ainsi, à Pretoria, quelque 300 femmes sud-africaines ont participé à une manifestation. La Ligue des femmes, qui fait partie du Congrès national africain (ANC), a annoncé d'autres actions dans les jours à venir. -- La controverse engendrée par cette affaire dans le monde entier semble élever le procès d'Amina à celui de la charia, bien que l'équipe de défense ait veillé à ne pas remettre en cause la stricte loi islamique. Mais même au sein de la communauté musulmane on dénonce l'application de la charia comme une injustice, visant les Nigérians pauvres et peu éduqués, plutôt qu'une élite souvent accusée de corruption. "Si Amina Lawal est lapidée, ce sera simplement parce qu'elle n'est pas assez privilégiée pour "le faire" dans un hôtel à cinq étoiles", a dénoncé le 23 septembre Shehu Sani, un musulman qui dirige le Congrès des droits civils.- 25 septembre. La Cour d'appel islamique de Katsina, dans le nord du Nigeria, acquitte Amina Lawal, jugeant qu'elle n'avait pas pu se défendre de manière suffisante et qu'il y a eu des fautes de procédure: un seul juge était notamment présent lors de sa condamnation, au lieu des trois requis. (ANB-BIA, de sources diverses, 25 septembre 2003)
* Nigeria. Amina Lawal spared death by stoning - A northern Nigerian woman sentenced to death by stoning for committing adultery has won her appeal against the verdict on a majority decision. Four out of five judges rejected her conviction, saying she was not given "ample opportunity to defend herself". Thirty-one-year-old Amina Lawal was convicted last year in Katsina state. She had been found guilty under the Sharia (Islamic criminal law) which has been introduced into 12 northern states over the last three years. The verdict, which had been expected, was read out to a packed courtroom in the appeal court in the northern town of Katsina. The panel of judges said the decision to acquit Ms Lawal was based on procedural errors at her original trial and the fact that her adultery was not proved beyond doubt. Ms Lawal sat throughout the verdict in the corner of the courtroom, her face hidden by a shawl and her child on her lap. A village woman, she had been convicted of adultery in March last year soon after giving birth to her daughter, Wasila. This was the second time she had appealed against her sentence of death by stoning, with the help of two Nigeria women's rights groups which took up her case. (ANB-BIA, Belgium, 25 September 2003)
* Rwanda. Arrestations avant les législatives - Des arrestations pour "divisionnisme ethnique" ont émaillé la campagne pour les élections législatives au Rwanda, qui auront lieu du 29 septembre au 2 octobre, a déclaré, le 23 septembre, le chef adjoint de la mission d'observation électorale de l'Union européenne, Marie-Violette César. Dans la plupart des cas, les personnes interpellées ont été relâchées rapidement, a-t-elle ajouté. Les arrestations pour "divisionnisme" concernent des personnes officiellement mandatées pour faire la campagne de Célestin Kabanda, qui est l'ex-président du Mouvement démocratique républicain (MDR), la principale formation hutu, dissoute pour "divisionnisme ethnique". (La Libre Belgique, 25 septembre 2003)
* Senegal. Female Genital Mutilation - 23 September: More than 250 villages from three rural communities have pledged to abandon the practice of Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) and all other forms of discrimination against women. UNICEF welcomes the decision, but says it will continue to fight for an end to the practice in the entire country. Although the government is opposed to the practice, the tribal custom is deeply rooted in African society. In spite of stringent measures taken by the Senegalese government in recent years against FGM, the practice remains widespread among the Fulani people in the north, the Mandingo and the Jolla of the south; the Jalunges and the Jahangas of the east. (ANB-BIA, Belgium, 23 September 2003)
* Sierra Leone. La Minusil prorogée - Le Conseil de sécurité a prorogé de six mois le mandat des forces des Nations unies en Sierra Leone (Minusil). La résolution établit aussi le retrait graduel de ces forces dans le pays (actuellement environ 12.000) et un retrait total d'ici fin 2004. Le Conseil demande également au gouvernement sierra-léonais d'accélérer la consolidation des autorités civiles et des services publics dans le pays, et de continuer à renforcer les contrôles dans les secteurs diamantifères. (D'après Misna, Italie, 19 septembre 2003)
* Sierra Leone. UNAMSIL's mandate extended - On 19 September, the Security Council unanimously agreed to extend for six months the mandate of the United Nations mission in Sierra Leone and stressed the importance of continued support to the West African country's government in consolidating stability, reintegrating ex-combatants, repatriating refugees and respecting human rights and the rule of law. The Council endorsed a recommendation by Secretary-General Kofi Annan to extend the UN Mission in Sierra Leone (UNAMSIL)'s mandate beginning this 30 September, given the need to continue the gradual drawdown of the peacekeeping force without jeopardizing the security situation in the country torn apart by a decade-long civil war. In adopting the resolution, the 15-member body welcomed the increasing security in Sierra Leone and encouraged "further progress towards strengthening the capacity of the Sierra Leone Police and armed forces to maintain security and stability independently." It commended UNAMSIL for the progress made to date in the adjustments to its size, composition and deployment and welcomed the Secretary-General's intention to continue with these adjustments. (United Nations, New York, 21 September 2003)
* South Africa. The Durban Accord - 17 September: Conservationists from around the world have agreed upon a 10-year plan to increase and improve the protection of the earth's most sensitive and important environmental areas. The Durban Accord was signed by more than 2,500 delegates from 170 countries on the last day of the World Parks Congress in South Africa. Securing the future of marine areas has been highlighted as the biggest challenge for the next decade. The World Parks Congress started off by reflecting on the last decade of conservation, praising what has been done in the past. But the meeting also looked towards the priorities for the next 10 years. One key challenge highlighted in the Durban Accord and the Durban Action Plan -- two documents signed by the delegates -- is the protection of coastal areas. (ANB-BIA, Belgium, 17 September 2003)
* South Africa. Zuma resignation calls rejected - 18 September: South Africa's President Thabo Mbeki has emphatically rejected calls for the resignation or suspension of his deputy, Jacob Zuma, over allegations of involvement in a corrupt arms deal involving billions of dollars. Mr Mbeki told parliament that public officials could not be expected to relinquish their positions on the basis of allegations. He said that the government respected the rule of law and due process, and would not take disciplinary action, or any other action, against Mr Zuma. Mr Zuma is alleged to have solicited a $68,000 bribe from a French company which won a lucrative contract in the multi-billion dollar deal to buy weapons for South Africa's army and navy. (ANB-BIA, Belgium, 18 September 2003)
* South Africa. Are school uniforms outdated? - The South African Education Department is concerned about the cost of school uniforms to the majority of parents in the country. There has been considerable media speculation about the possibility of scrapping school uniforms altogether. However, the Department is clear that it does not intend introducing new regulations at present. A departmental statement said they would "ensure that individual parents have a direct say in the type and form and ultimately the cost of the school uniform they want to prescribe. What we cannot countenance is that learners are denied access to their constitutional right to education because of restrictive school policies such as those concerning expensive school uniforms". For this reason, the Department said unique school uniforms might be prescribed at schools where the majority of parents could afford it, provided that schools found ways of assisting those who could not afford it. "This does not mean we will do away with school uniforms but we might look at innotive ways to lower prices". (BBC News, UK, 22 September 2003)
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