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Weekly anb0612-5.txt #6
- Subject: Weekly anb0612-5.txt #6
- From: anb-bia <anb-bia at village.uunet.be>
- Date: Thu, 12 Jun 2003 15:30:00 +0200
_____________________________________________________________ WEEKLY NEWS ISSUE of: 12-06-2003 PART #5/6* Sierra Leone. Le commerce des diamants - Le Conseil de sécurité des Nations unies a l'intention de lever les restrictions sur le commerce de diamants sierra-léonais. Selon la BBC, les autorités de Freetown auraient gagné la confiance des organismes internationaux, également dans le commerce illégal de diamants. En 2000, l'Onu avait imposé un embargo total sur les diamants sierra-léonais, et avait ensuite autorisé la vente de diamants portant un certificat d'origine "contrôlée" émis par le gouvernement de Freetown. Les sanctions avaient été adoptées pour éviter que les profits de la vente ne soient investis dans l'achat d'armes alimentant le conflit dans le pays. (Misna, Italie, 5 juin 2003)
* Sierra Leone. Conflict diamonds' sanctions lifted - 5 June: United Nations Security Council diplomats say they have agreed to lift sanctions on conflict diamonds in Sierra Leone. The move is a sign that the government in Freetown is making progress in controlling an illicit trade that once threatened to tear the country apart. The sanctions that were imposed three years ago aimed to restrict the use of profits from the sale of diamonds to fund the purchase of weapons that would in turn escalate the civil conflict in Sierra Leone. The Security Council appears to have decided that now it is up to the Sierra Leonean Government to take on the task of controlling the illegal trade, as it no longer poses a threat to international peace and security. Controls on the sale of conflict diamonds are by no means perfect, one diplomat said. But the current situation is a vast improvement on that of three years when the sanctions were first imposed. (ANB-BIA, Belgium, 5 June 2003)
* Sierra Leone. Fears for Sankoh's health - 11 June: The international war tribunal in Sierra Leone has said that the country's former rebel leader, Foday Sankoh, is in need of urgent medical treatment. At a news conference in Freetown today, the United Nations court registrar Robin Vincent says the tribunal hopes to send its most notorious prisoner abroad for medical treatment. Doctors treating Mr Sankoh say that his condition is deteriorating by the day and that he needs to be flown out of the country where his medical needs can be met. They say that he is incapable of walking, talking or even of feeding himself and he cannot recognise his immediate surroundings. Court officials acknowledge the gravity of Foday Sankoh's condition, but are faced with a major obstacle in finding a country that is willing to accept the rebel leader even temporarily for treatment. The UN Security Council has refused to lift the travel ban imposed on Mr Sankoh until a country that is willing to receive him, gives assurances the international organisation that it will not attempt to harbour the prisoner. (ANB-BIA, Belgium, 11 June 2003)
* South Africa. Black group to buy stake in gold mines - Gold Fields, one of the world's largest gold miners, said on 10 June that it had agreed to sell a 15 percent stake in its South African operations to Mvelaphanda Resources for 4.1 billion rand ($516.4 million). The transaction is one of the biggest so far in South Africa's six-year effort to expand the role of blacks in owning and operating the country's gold industry. "Through this deal we will speedily achieve our stated objectives of putting together a black economic transaction which will transform Gold Fields," Ian Cockerill, the chief executive of Gold Fields, said in a statement to the Securities Exchange News Service in Johannesburg, where the company is based. Mvelaphanda is a holding company founded and led by Tokyo M. G. Sexwale, a prominent black activist and politician who spent years imprisoned on Robben Island along with Nelson Mandela during apartheid. The company, whose name means progress in the Venda language, owns substantial stakes in Northam Platinum; in the Trans Hex Group, a diamond producer; and in Gem Diamond Mining, a Trans Hex subsidiary. Mr. Sexwale serves as chairman of all those companies. (New York Times, USA, 11 June 2003)
* Tunisia. Systematic human rights abuses - 10 June: Amnesty International has accused Tunisia of systematic human rights abuses and arbitrary arrests of opponents of the government. In a new report, Amnesty said that for more than a decade the Tunisian authorities had used the security issue to curtail the basic rights of hundreds of political and other prisoners. Amnesty urged Tunisia to urgently reform its justice system, release all prisoners of sonscience and guarantee fair trials for all the accused. (BBC News, UK, 10 June 2003)
* Tunisie. Amnesty accuse - Dans un nouveau rapport publié le 10 juin, intitulé "Tunisie, le cycle de l'injustice", Amnesty International dresse un sombre tableau de l'évolution de la situation des libertés en Tunisie et déclare qu'un "fossé sépare toujours les principes proclamés par les pouvoirs publics et la réalité telle qu'elle est vécue par les Tunisiens". Par l'intermédiaire des forces de sécurité, de l'appareil judiciaire et d'autres institutions de l'Etat, le pouvoir "continue de violer délibérément les traités internationaux relatifs aux droits humains" que la Tunisie a pourtant ratifiés, ainsi que la Constitution et la législation tunisienne. Pour Amnesty, les organismes créés ces dernières années par le palais de Carthage ont eu pour objectif d'améliorer non les libertés, mais l'image de la Tunisie sur la scène internationale. (Le Monde, France, 11 juin 2003)
* Uganda. Senior army officer sacked - President Yoweri Museveni of Uganda has removed from office one of his top army commanders, Major-General James Kazini. The move follows two United Nations reports accusing the general of profiting from mining operations while he was head of Ugandan forces in Congo RDC. The latest, in November 2001, accused him of gaining personal wealth from mining operations in Congo and interfering in the public administration there. At the time, General Kazini was in charge of military operations in Congo. Following the allegations of plundering, General Kazini was removed from Congo and was surprisingly named acting head of the army. But in response to the UN claims, the Ugandan Government set up a commission headed by Justice David Porter to investigate the accusations of benefiting from the economic resources of Congo. General Kazini admitted that he had instructed his field commanders that any money collected from traders in the form of security taxes should be directed to the headquarters of Operation Safe Haven, the Ugandan army's operational headquarters in the Congo. He told the commission that no taxes materialised and he denied receiving any financial benefit. Last month the Ugandan Government released its findings which concurred with the UN report and recommended disciplinary action be taken against him. Even after the report was completed, General Kazini denied any wrongdoing. However, the army spokesman says his removal from office is not as a result of these reports and that General Kazini has been sent for what is described as "further training". (BBC News, UK, 6 June 2003)
* Ouganda. Les Eglises contre la modification de la Constitution - Les chefs des Eglises catholique, anglicane et orthodoxe ont joint leur voix à celles de ceux qui sont opposés à l'intention du président Museveni de modifier les dispositions de la Constitution qui limitent à deux le nombre de mandats présidentiels, afin d'avoir la possibilité de rester au pouvoir après 2006. Dans un communiqué conjoint, les chefs des Eglises indiquent que cette initiative va nuire aux efforts visant à construire une culture démocratique en Ouganda. Certaines sections du gouvernement du Mouvement de Museveni plaident pour la non-limitation du mandat du président. Les plus virulents détracteurs de la tentative de Museveni de rester au pouvoir ont été chassés du gouvernement le mois dernier. (PANA, Sénégal, 6 juin 2003)
* Ouganda. Le général Kazini limogé - Le 6 juin, le président Museveni a limogé le major-général James Kazini, commandant en chef de l'armée, accusé par des experts de l'Onu d'être une des personnes les plus impliquées dans l'exploitation illégale des ressources naturelles au Congo-RDC. L'officier "sera traduit devant un conseil de guerre pour une enquête plus approfondie", a indiqué un porte-parole militaire. Une commission judiciaire ougandaise a confirmé les résultats d'une enquête menée par des experts de l'Onu. Le général Kazini, nommé commandant en chef de l'armée en novembre 2001, dirigeait les opérations militaires en RDC lors des premiers affrontements entre soldats ougandais et rwandais à Kisangani en 1999. Il en avait été écarté en 2000 après avoir été accusé d'avoir participé à des opérations financières et politiques douteuses dans ce pays. Kazini a été remplacé par le major-général Aronda Nyakiyirima, qui commandait les forces déployées au nord du pays. D'autres changements sont attendus dans les rangs des forces armées. Il y a quelques jours, le colonel Tukumunde a été renvoyé de la direction du service de sécurité. Selon certains, Kazini et Tukumunde seraient envoyés à l'étranger pour suivre des cours d'ajournement. (ANB-BIA, de sources diverses, 7 juin 2003)
* Ouganda. Attaques de la LRA - Les attaques des rebelles de l'Armée de résistance du Seigneur (LRA) se poursuivent dans le nord de l'Ouganda. Dans le week-end du 31 mai-1er juin, ils ont attaqué la mission catholique de Madi Opei, à environ 50 km au nord-est de Kitgum. Le samedi, un groupe de rebelles a incendié une centaine de cabanes, mais l'arrivée de militaires a provoqué leur fuite. Ils sont revenus plus nombreux le dimanche soir, vers 23 heures, défonçant la porte de l'église et provoquant de graves dommages à l'édifice. Cherchant de l'argent et des objets de valeur, ils ont violemment frappé un catéchiste de 73 ans, qui avait la garde de la paroisse en l'absence du curé; son état de santé est critique. - Le 4 juin, les rebelles ont attaqué un camp de déplacés. Durant la nuit, ils ont fait incursion dans le camp de Pabbo (25 km de Gulu), qui héberge plus de 50.000 civils, tuant 13 personnes. Il s'agirait de représailles, la LRA accusant les autorités locales et militaires de convaincre les déplacés à combattre les rebelles. -- Le 10 juin, un autobus de ligne a sauté sur une mine antichar vers midi entre Kitgum et Gulu, faisant au moins 4 morts et 25 blessés graves. Des tirs d'armes à feu ont été entendus après l'explosion de la mine, fort probablement posée par les rebelles de la LRA. Dans la nuit, les mêmes rebelles ont attaqué le siège du Resident district commissioner de Gulu, équivalent d'un préfet, faisant quatre victimes, deux militaires ougandais et deux rebelles. Ces deux épisodes témoignent de la recrudescence de la violence de la LRA qui semble agir par groupes autonomes, privés d'un véritable commandement centralisé, malgré le rôle de guide de leur leader Joseph Kony. (D'après Misna, Italie, 5-11 juin 2003)
* Uganda. Ugandan's Key to White House: AIDS - On 10 June, President Bush today embraced the president of Uganda, Yoweri Museveni, for his success in fighting AIDS, but said nothing publicly about what the White House views as Uganda's less inspiring role as a weapons supplier to militias in Congo's five-year-old civil war. The White House used Mr. Bush's meeting with Mr. Museveni to showcase a central part of the president's agenda, a $15 billion bill that Congress approved last month to fight AIDS on the global level. Mr. Bush is hoping to use the bill to highlight what his advisers say is the human side of his administration's foreign policy. "Mr. President, you have shown extraordinary leadership on a lot of issues, but the one that's really captured the imagination and the hearts of the American people is your extraordinary leadership on HIV/AIDS in your country," Mr. Bush said at the start of a meeting with Mr. Museveni in the Oval Office. Mr. Bush is to travel to Africa next month, although it is not clear whether he will make Uganda part of his trip. Either way, administration officials say Uganda's ability to turn around its AIDS epidemic --- 5 percent of Ugandans now have AIDS, compared with 15 percent a decade ago --- served as inspiration for Mr. Bush's AIDS bill. Uganda's success also helped persuade him, officials say, that money on AIDS in Africa could be well spent. (New York Times, USA, 11 June 2003)
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